Siddhars or Siddhas the spiritual scientists of Tamil Nadu (ancient South India) are the pioneers of this scientific system. Siddhas fundamental principles never differentiated man from the universe. According to them, “Nature is man and man is nature and therefore both are essentially one. Man is said to the microcosm and the Universe is Macrocosm, because what exists in the Universe exists in man.” Siddha system trusts that all objects in the universe including human body are combined of five basic primordial elements, namely earth, water, fire, air and space.
Siddhas defined 96 principles as the constituents of Human Being. They comprise Physical, Physiological, Mental and Intellectual mechanisms of a person. They are nothing but the materialization of the “Five Basic Elements “.
The human body is composed of 96 Tattvas (Thathuvam) or basic principles. They are…
Elements – 5
1. Earth
2. Water
3. Fire
4. Air
5. Space
Sense Organs – 5
1. Eye
2. Ear
3. Nose
4. Tongue
5. Skin
Functions Of Sense Organs – 5
1. Vision
2. Hearing
3. Smell
4. Taste
5. Touch
Motor Organs – 5
1. Hands
2. Legs
3. Mouth
4. Rectum
5. Sex Organs
Perception Of Senses – 5
1. Smell
2. Taste
3. Sight
4. Touch
5. Hearing
Intellectual Faculties – 4
1. Mind
2. Intellect
3. Subconscious mind
4. Ego
Arivu – 1 (Wisdom Of Self Realization)
Vital Nerve Force – 10
1. Idakalai
2. Pinkalai
3. Sulumunai
4. Siguvai
5. Purudan
6. Kanthari
7. Atthi
8. Allampudai
9. Sanguni
10. Gugu
Vital Life Force – 10
1. Pranan
2. Abanan
3. Uthanan
4. Samanan
5. Vyanan
6. Nagan
7. Koorman
8. Kirukaran
9. Devadhathan
10. Dhanenjeyan
Visceral Cavities– 5
1. Stomach
2. Small Intestine
3. Large Intestine Especially Rectum
4. Urinary Bladder
5. Seminal Vesicle
States Of The Human Body Or Sheath – 5
1. Physical Sheath
2. Mental Sheath
3. Respiratory Sheath
4. Intellectual Sheath
5. Blissful Sheath
Stations Of Soul – 6
1. Moolatharam
2. Swathistanam
3. Manipooragam
4. Anakatham
5. Visuthi
6. Aakinai
Regions – 3
1. Fire Region
2. Solar Region
3. Lunar Region
Impurities Of The Soul – 3
1. Egoism
2. Karma
3. Maya (Delusion)
Three Humors – 3
1. Vatham = Air + Space
2. Pitham = Fire
3. Kapham = Earth + Water
Physical Bindings– 3
1. Material Bindings
2. Offspring Bindings
3. Worldly Bindings
Cosmic Qualities – 3
1. Sattva (Pure)
2. Rajas (Passion)
3. Tamas (Ignorance)
Acts – 2
1. Good Acts
2. Bad Acts
Passions – 8
1. Desire
2. Hatred
3. Stingy
4. Lust
5. Pride
6. Internal Conflict
7. Mockery
8. Ego
States Of Consciousness – 5
1. Wakefulness
2. Dream
3. Sleep
4. Repose (Tranquil Or Peaceful State)
5. Insensibility To Surroundings
Next to the Tattvas the human body exists of 72000 blood vessels, 13000 nerves and ten main arteries. 4448 diseases can be caused by the imbalance of the three humors. Hope we learned something about our body! 🙂
Reference
http://www.siddhaquest.com/concepts.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Body_%E2%80%93_96_Constituent_principles_or_Tatwas_of_Siddha_Medicine
http://www.squidoo.com/siddha-medical-system
Known is a drop, Unknown is an Ocean 
Love the macro mimics micro subject! Cool post!
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Thank you! Me too. 🙂
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I echo the above response, I love how man and universe are reflective of each other and thus follow the common of both.
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Thanks Alex! 🙂
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i need human anatomy and physiology of 96 thattuvas in tamil language
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You should able to find the human anatomy and physiology of physical body by googling it. Remember these are 96 principles and most of them are subtle elements. 🙂
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Hi, I would like to know the explanations/ meanings for the 10 vital life forces and vital nerve forces. Thank you
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Good question, Netra. You are most welcome here. You can find more about them here… 🙂
10 Vital Nerve Forces:
Suzhi munai – the central nerve passing through six chakras from tail bone to crown of head. It’s the balanced state of Ida and pingala naadi
Idakalai – the nerve beginning from the great toe of the right foot and passing up to the left nostril.
Pinkalai – the nerve beginning from the great toe of the left foot and passing up to the right nostril.
Purudan – controls the right eye
Kanthari – Controls the left eye.
Atthi – controls the hearing through right ear
Alambudai- control the left ear
Siguvai – Related to Vishuthi chakra. Controls speech, breathing and swallowing
Guru – beginning at the naval and reaching to the verenda. It controls the defecation related activities
Sangini – situated in the verenda linked to Swadistana chakra.It controls genitourinary organ actions
10 Vital Life Forces:
Praana – situated in the heart. Actions: Breathing, sneezing, spitting, swallowing
Apaana – situated in the top of the head and passing downwards. Actions: bearing down for childbirth, urination, motion
Samaana – situated in navel. Controls stomach/intestine actions
Vyaana – pervading the whole body. controls circulatory system
Udaana – situated in throat. Controls speech, sound production, expression
Naaga – which effects the motions and speech
Koorma – Koorma opens the eyes and stimulates blinking. Koorma keeps the eyes healthy, moist, shining, and bright, so that the mind may be likewise for the purpose of focus and concentration in deep meditation.
Krikara – Sneezing, hunger and thirst
Devadatta – that which is exhaled in yawning
Dhananjaya – that which remains in the body after the death and escapes by splitting the head.
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Thank you so much 🙂
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My pleasure. 🙂
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